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How Do You Tell if a Crack in a Wall Is Serious?

Cracks in walls are a common occurrence in many properties, but not all cracks are created equal. While some are purely cosmetic, others can indicate more severe structural problems that require immediate attention. In this guide, we’ll explore how to differentiate between harmless cracks and those that could signal serious issues, helping you understand what actions to take.

Why Do Cracks in Walls Appear?

Cracks can appear for various reasons, including:

  • Natural Settling: Most buildings settle over time, causing minor, harmless cracks.

  • Temperature Changes: Expansion and contraction due to temperature fluctuations can lead to small surface cracks.

  • Moisture Issues: Dampness or leaks can weaken the walls, resulting in cracks.

  • Structural Movement: Shifting foundations, subsidence, or nearby construction can lead to significant cracks.

  • Poor Construction: Substandard materials or techniques can cause walls to crack prematurely.

How to Assess if a Crack Is Serious

Here’s how you can evaluate whether a crack in the wall is a minor cosmetic issue or a sign of a deeper problem:

  1. Size of the Crack

    • Hairline Cracks (Less than 5mm): Usually not serious and can be caused by plaster shrinkage or minor settling.

    • Moderate Cracks (5mm to 15mm): These may indicate potential structural issues and require monitoring or professional inspection.

    • Large Cracks (Over 15mm): Often a red flag for significant structural movement, such as subsidence or foundation problems.

  2. Location of the Crack

    • Near Windows or Doors: Cracks here are common due to natural stress points but should be inspected if they grow or widen.

    • Corner Cracks: Cracks spreading from corners may indicate foundation movement.

    • Diagonal Cracks: Diagonal cracks often signal structural movement and should be assessed urgently.

  3. Direction of the Crack

    • Vertical Cracks: These are often caused by settling and may not be severe.

    • Diagonal or Horizontal Cracks: Typically more concerning, as they can indicate foundation shifts or lateral pressure on the walls.

  4. Changes Over Time

    • Monitor whether the crack grows or changes shape. Expanding cracks are a clear sign that the issue is ongoing and potentially serious.

  5. Accompanying Signs

    • Doors and Windows Sticking: This can indicate structural movement.

    • Uneven Floors: Coupled with cracks, this suggests possible subsidence.

    • Moisture Stains: Cracks with watermarks may indicate dampness or leaks.

When Should You Worry About a Crack in the Wall?

You should take cracks seriously if:

  • They are wider than 15mm.

  • They continue to grow or spread.

  • They are accompanied by other structural issues, like sloping floors or sticking doors.

  • You notice multiple cracks appearing in a short time.

  • They are located in load-bearing walls or near critical structural elements.

Steps to Take If You Suspect a Serious Crack

  1. Document the Crack Take photographs and measurements of the crack to track changes over time.

  2. Engage a Professional Surveyor A professional surveyor, like those at NIVEK Surveying Services, can provide a detailed assessment of the crack and identify its underlying cause.

  3. Address Underlying Issues Depending on the cause, remedial actions could include underpinning the foundation, repairing leaks, or improving drainage.

  4. Monitor the Crack Use crack monitors to check for further movement over a period of weeks or months.

  5. Repair the Damage Cosmetic cracks can be filled with plaster or sealant, but structural cracks may require specialist repair methods.

How NIVEK Surveying Services Can Help

If you’re unsure about a crack in your wall, our team at NIVEK Surveying Services can help. With expertise in structural movement surveys, we’ll provide a thorough analysis to determine whether the crack is a concern and recommend the appropriate course of action.

Cracks in walls may seem daunting, but not all are cause for alarm. By understanding their causes and knowing when to seek professional advice, you can protect your property from further damage. If you’re dealing with a crack in the wall and need expert guidance, contact NIVEK Surveying Services today for peace of mind.

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